WLC: Carrier Busy Test

  

** UPDATE:  Carrier Busy is also enabled on a CAPWAP / LWAPP AP **

Back in the day when I couldn’t afford a spectrum or packet analyzer I would often use the next best free thing available. Its called the "carrier busy" test and it’s built into the Cisco Autonomous Access Point and can be used from a CAPWAP / LWAPP Access Point.

The carrier busy test will allow you to see what is going on in an environment from 50,000 feet, but that’s about where it ends. It doesn’t have details like a professional analyzer will provide. You could incorporate other commands like frame retries etc to help better interpret “carrier busy”.

Needless to say, it’s a fun command and if you don’t have the proper tools could help you in a pinch. If you do outdoor bridges, you may already use this command to assist on channel assignment.

What is "Carrier Busy"

On a Cisco autonomous access point you can run a command called 'carrier busy'. The AP will shutdown the respected radio interface and will scan all respected channels and report back with a percentage of channel activity. The channel activity collected includes activity from both 802.11 traffic and interference also sometimes called RFI (Radio Frequency Interference).

What this means, if there is 802.11 traffic and suppose there is interference it will compute a  (percentage) to this value. Things to note when you run the carrier busy test the radio will do a shut and all associated clients will lose connectivity between 5 - 8 seconds during the test. After the test the radio will no shut itself and return to production allowing clients to associate again.

I have not found any detailed documentation stating exactly how the access point computes these values. If you have any info please do share!

Autonomous Command for "Carrier Busy"

If your access point has both 802.11g <dot11Radio 0> and 802.11a <dot11Radio 1> radios you can run busy test on either the 2.4 GHz or the 5 GHz spectrums.

ap#dot11 <Radio Interface> carrier busy

ap#show dot11 carrier busy

802.11g = dot11Radio 0
802.11a = dot11Radio 1

ap#dot11 dot11Radio 0 carrier busy

WLC: CAPWAP / LWAPP Command for "Carrier Busy"

wlc-ap#debug dot11 <Radio Interface> carrier busy

802.11g = dot11Radio 0
802.11a = dot11Radio 1

wlc-ap#debug dot11 dot11Radio 0 carrier busy

Example # 1 - Carrier Busy (Normal)

This example is a neighboring access point on channel 11 only sending management frames

ap#dot11 dot11Radio 0 carrier busy

*Mar  2 09:07:33.173: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Dot11Radio0, changed state to reset
*Mar  2 09:07:34.173: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Dot11Radio0, changed state to down

Frequency  Carrier Busy %
---------  --------------
2412          0
2417          3
2422          0
2427          0
2432          0
2437          0
2442          0
2447          4
2452          5
2457          2
2462          5

*Mar  2 09:07:38.695: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Dot11Radio0, changed state to up
*Mar  2 09:07:39.695: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Dot11Radio0, changed state to up

Example # 2 - Carrier Busy (Microwave)

 I introduced a microwave oven into the mix. You can see there is a significant increase in channel activity from 2447 - 2462. 

ap#dot11 dot11Radio 0 carrier busy

*Mar  2 09:05:52.664: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Dot11Radio0, changed state to reset
*Mar  2 09:05:53.664: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Dot11Radio0, changed state to down

Frequency  Carrier Busy %
---------  --------------
2412          1
2417          7
2422          5
2427          1
2432          11
2437          13
2442          10
2447          31
2452          36
2457          42
2462          45

*Mar  2 09:05:58.186: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Dot11Radio0, changed state to up
*Mar  2 09:05:59.186: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Dot11Radio0, changed state to up

ap#

Example # 3 - Carrier Busy (ISO Download)

In this example I introduced 2 laptops and conducted an ISO download for the purpose of creating 802.11 traffic.

ap#dot11 dot11Radio 0 carrier busy

*Mar  2 09:07:33.173: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Dot11Radio0, changed state to reset
*Mar  2 09:07:34.173: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Dot11Radio0, changed state to down

Frequency  Carrier Busy %
---------  --------------
2412          0
2417          3
2422          0
2427          0
2432          0
2437          0
2442          3
2447          9
2452          19
2457          21
2462          23

*Mar  2 09:07:38.695: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Dot11Radio0, changed state to up
*Mar  2 09:07:39.695: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Dot11Radio0, changed state to up

Conclusion

If you don’t have tools and you are in a pinch the carrier busy test may be a tool you might find helpful. Keep in mind, you will need to incorporate other commands to interpret the carrier busy results.